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Spirit Bound Chapter Twenty Free Essays

â€Å"YOU’RE NOT MOROI!† HE CONTINUED. He wasn’t shouting, but we’d definitely gotten the attention of the people standing near us. â€Å"You’re Rose Hathaway, aren’t you? How dare you and your impure blood invade the sanctity of our–â€Å" â€Å"That’s enough,† a lofty voice suddenly said. We will write a custom essay sample on Spirit Bound Chapter Twenty or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"I’ll take it from here.† Even with her face covered, there was no mistaking that voice. Tatiana swept in beside the guy, wearing a silver flowered mask and a long-sleeved gray dress. I’d probably seen her earlier in the crowd and not even realized it. Until she spoke, she blended in with everyone else. The whole room was quiet now. Daniella Ivashkov scurried up behind Tatiana, her eyes widening behind her mask when she recognized me. â€Å"Adrian–† she began. But Tatiana was seizing the situation. â€Å"Come with me.† There was no question that the order was for me or that I would obey. She turned and walked swiftly toward the room’s entrance. I hurried behind her, as did Adrian and Daniella. As soon as we were out in the torch-lit hall, Daniella turned on Adrian. â€Å"What were you thinking? You know I don’t mind you bringing Rose to certain events, but this was–â€Å" â€Å"Inappropriate,† said Tatiana crisply. â€Å"Although, perhaps it is fitting that a dhampir see how much the sacrifices of her people are respected.† That shocked us all into a moment of silence. Daniella recovered herself first. â€Å"Yes, but tradition states that–â€Å" Tatiana interrupted her again. â€Å"I’m well aware of the tradition. It’s a bad breach of etiquette, but Rosemarie being here certainly doesn’t ruin our intentions. Losing Priscilla†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Tatiana didn’t choke up, exactly, but she lost some of her normal composure. I didn’t think of someone like her as having a best friend, but Priscilla pretty much had been. How would I act if I’d lost Lissa? Not nearly so controlled. â€Å"Losing Priscilla is something I’ll feel for a very, very long time,† Tatiana managed at last. Her sharp eyes were on me. â€Å"And I hope you really do understand how much we need and value you and all the other guardians. I know sometimes your race feels underappreciated. You aren’t. Those who died have left a gaping hole in our ranks, one that leaves us even more undefended, as I’m sure you must know.† I nodded, still surprised Tatiana wasn’t shrieking for me to get out. â€Å"It’s a big loss,† I said. â€Å"And it makes the situation worse because numbers are what harm us half the time–especially when the Strigoi form large groups. We can’t always match that.† Tatiana nodded, seeming pleasantly surprised we’d agreed on something. That made two of us. â€Å"I knew you’d understand. Nonetheless†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She turned toward Adrian. â€Å"You shouldn’t have done this. Some lines of propriety need to be maintained.† Adrian was surprisingly meek. â€Å"Sorry, Aunt Tatiana. I just thought it was something Rose should see.† â€Å"You’ll keep this to yourself, won’t you?† asked Daniella, turning back to me. â€Å"A lot of the guests are very, very conservative. They wouldn’t want this getting out.† That they met by firelight and played dress-up? Yeah, I could see them wanting that kept a secret. â€Å"I won’t tell anyone,† I assured them. â€Å"Good,† said Tatiana. â€Å"Now, you should still probably leave before–is that Christian Ozera?† Her eyes had drifted back toward the crowded room. â€Å"Yes,† both Adrian and I said. â€Å"He didn’t get an invitation,† exclaimed Daniella. â€Å"Is that your fault too?† â€Å"It’s not my fault so much as my genius,† said Adrian. â€Å"I doubt anyone will know, so long as he behaves himself,† said Tatiana with a sigh. â€Å"And I’m sure he’d take any opportunity he can to talk to Vasilisa.† â€Å"Oh,† I said, without thinking. â€Å"That’s not Lissa.† Lissa had actually turned her back toward Christian and was speaking to someone else while casting anxious looks out the door at me. â€Å"Who is it?† asked Tatiana. Crap. â€Å"That’s, um, Mia Rinaldi. She’s a friend of ours from St. Vladimir’s.† I’d almost considered lying and giving her a royal name. Some families were so big that it was impossible to keep track of everyone. â€Å"Rinaldi.† Tatiana frowned. â€Å"I think I know a servant with that name.† I was actually pretty impressed that she knew the people who worked for her. Yet again, my opinion of her shifted. â€Å"A servant?† asked Daniella, giving her son a warning look. â€Å"Is there anyone else I should know about?† â€Å"No. If I’d had more time, I probably could have got Eddie here. Hell, maybe even Jailbait.† Daniella looked scandalized. â€Å"Did you just say Jailbait?† â€Å"It’s just a joke,† I said hastily, not wanting to make this situation worse. I was afraid of how Adrian might answer. â€Å"It’s what we sometimes call our friend Jill Mastrano.† Neither Tatiana nor Daniella seemed to think that was a joke at all. â€Å"Well, no one seems to realize they don’t belong,† said Daniella, nodding toward Christian and Mia. â€Å"Though the gossips here will no doubt be running wild with how Rose interrupted this event.† â€Å"Sorry,† I said, feeling bad that I might have gotten her in trouble. â€Å"Nothing to be done for it now,† said Tatiana wearily. â€Å"You should leave now so that everyone thinks you were severely chastised. Adrian, you come back with us and make sure your other ‘guests’ don’t raise any attention. And do not do something like this again.† â€Å"I won’t,† he said, almost convincingly. The three began to turn away, leaving me to skulk off, but Tatiana paused and glanced back. â€Å"Wrong or not, don’t forget what you saw here. We really do need guardians.† I nodded, a flush of pride running through me at her acknowledgment. Then she and the others returned to the room. I watched them wistfully, hating that everyone in there thought I’d been kicked out in disgrace. Considering it could have gone a lot worse for me, I decided to count my blessings. I removed the mask, having nothing more to hide, and made the trek back upstairs and outdoors. I hadn’t gotten very far when someone stepped out in front of me. It was a sign of my preoccupation that I nearly leapt ten feet in the air. â€Å"Mikhail,† I exclaimed. â€Å"You scared me half to death. What are you doing out here?† â€Å"Actually, I’ve been looking for you.† There was an anxious, nervous look about him. â€Å"I went by your building earlier, but you weren’t around.† â€Å"Yeah, I was at the Masquerade of the Damned.† He stared at me blankly. â€Å"Never mind. What’s up?† â€Å"I think we might have a chance.† â€Å"Chance for what?† â€Å"I heard you tried to see Dimitri today.† Ah, yes. The topic I definitely wanted to think more about. â€Å"Yeah. ‘Try’ is pretty optimistic. He doesn’t want to see me, never mind the army of guardians blocking me out.† Mikhail shifted uncomfortably, peering around like a frightened animal. â€Å"That’s why I came to find you.† â€Å"Okay, I’m really not following any of this.† I was also starting to get a headache from the wine. Mikhail took a deep breath and exhaled. â€Å"I think I can sneak you in to see him.† I waited for a moment, wondering if there was a punch line coming or if maybe this was all some delusion born out of my wound-up emotions. Nope. Mikhail’s face was deadly serious, and while I still didn’t know him that well, I’d picked up enough to realize he didn’t really joke around. â€Å"How?† I asked. â€Å"I tried and–â€Å" Mikhail beckoned for me to follow. â€Å"Come on, and I’ll explain. We don’t have much time.† I wasn’t about to waste this chance and hurried after him. â€Å"Has something happened?† I asked, once I’d caught up to his longer stride. â€Å"Did†¦ did he ask for me?† It was more than I dared to hope for. Mikhail’s use of the word sneak didn’t really support that idea anyway. â€Å"They’ve lightened his guard,† Mikhail explained. â€Å"Really? How many?† There had been about a dozen down there when Lissa visited, including her escort. If they’d come to their senses and realized they only needed a guy or two on Dimitri, then that boded well for everyone accepting that he was no longer Strigoi. â€Å"He’s down to about five.† â€Å"Oh.† Not great. Not horrible. â€Å"But I guess even that means they’re a little closer to believing he’s safe now?† Mikhail shrugged, keeping his eyes on the path ahead of us. It had rained during the Death Watch, and the air, while still humid, had cooled a little. â€Å"Some of the guardians do. But it’ll take a royal decree from the Council to officially declare what he is.† I almost came to a halt. â€Å"Declare what he is?† I exclaimed. â€Å"He’s not a what! He’s a person. A dhampir like us.† â€Å"I know, but it’s out of our hands.† â€Å"You’re right. Sorry,† I grumbled. No point in shooting the messenger. â€Å"Well, I hope they get off their asses and come to a decision soon.† The silence that followed spoke legions. I gave Mikhail a sharp glare. â€Å"What? What aren’t you telling me?† I demanded. He shrugged. â€Å"The rumor is that there’s some other big thing being debated in the Council right now, something that takes priority.† That enraged me too. What in the world could take priority over Dimitri? Calm, Rose. Stay calm. Focus. Don’t let the darkness make this worse. I always fought to keep it buried, but it often exploded in times of stress. And this? Yeah, this was a pretty stressful time. I shifted back to the original topic. We reached the holding building, and I took the steps up two at a time. â€Å"Even if they’ve lightened the guardians on Dimitri, they still won’t let me in. The ones that are there would know I was ordered to keep away.† â€Å"A friend of mine’s covering the front shift right now. We won’t have long, but he’ll tell the guardians in the holding area that you were authorized to come down.† Mikhail was about to open the door, and I stopped him, putting my hand on his arm. â€Å"Why are you doing this for me? The Moroi Council might not think Dimitri’s a big deal, but the guardians do. You could get in big trouble.† He looked down at me, again with that small, bitter smile. â€Å"Do you have to ask?† I thought about it. â€Å"No,† I said softly. â€Å"When I lost Sonya†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Mikhail closed his eyes for a heartbeat, and when he opened them, they seemed to be staring off into the past. â€Å"When I lost her, I didn’t want to go on living. She was a good person–really. She turned Strigoi out of desperation. She saw no other way to save herself from spirit. I would give anything–anything–for a chance to help her, to fix things between us. I don’t know if that’ll ever be possible for us, but it is possible for you right now. I can’t let you lose this.† With that, he let us in, and sure enough, there was a different guardian on duty. Just as Mikhail had said, the guy called down to tell the jail guardians Dimitri had a visitor. Mikhail’s friend seemed incredibly nervous about it all, which was understandable. Still, he was willing to help. It was amazing, I thought, what friends would do for each other. These last couple of weeks were undeniable proof of that. Just like at Lissa’s visit, two guardians showed up to escort me downstairs. I recognized them from when I’d been in her head, and they seemed surprised to see me. If they’d overheard Dimitri adamantly saying he didn’t want me to visit, then my presence would indeed be shocking. But as far as they knew, someone in power had condoned me being here, so they asked no questions. Mikhail trailed us as we wound our way down, and I felt my heartbeat and breathing grow rapid. Dimitri. I was about to see Dimitri. What would I say? What would I do? It was almost too much to comprehend. I had to keep mentally slapping myself to focus, or else I was going to slide into dumbstruck shock. When we reached the hallway that held the cells, I saw two guardians standing in front of Dimitri’s cell, one at the far end, and two others by the entrance we’d come through. I stopped, uneasy about the thought of others overhearing me talk to Dimitri. I didn’t want an audience like Lissa had had, but with the emphasis on security here, I might not have a choice. â€Å"Can I get a little privacy?† I asked. One of my escorts shook his head. â€Å"Official orders. Two guardians have to be posted at the cell at all times.† â€Å"She’s a guardian,† pointed out Mikhail mildly. â€Å"So am I. Let us go. The rest can wait by the door.† I flashed Mikhail a grateful look. I could handle having him nearby. The others, deciding we would be safe enough, moved discreetly to the ends of the hall. It wasn’t total and complete privacy, but they wouldn’t hear everything. My heart felt ready to burst from my chest as Mikhail and I walked over to Dimitri’s cell and faced it. He was seated almost as he had been when Lissa arrived: on the bed, curled up into himself, back facing us. Words stuck in my throat. Coherent thought fled from my mind. It was like I’d totally forgotten the reason I’d come here. â€Å"Dimitri,† I said. At least, that’s what I tried to say. I choked up a little, so the sounds that came out of my mouth were garbled. It was apparently enough, though, because Dimitri’s back suddenly went rigid. He didn’t turn around. â€Å"Dimitri,† I repeated, more clearly this time. â€Å"It’s†¦ me.† There was no need for me to say any more. He’d known from that first attempt at his name who I was. I had a feeling he would have known my voice in any situation. He probably knew the sound of my heartbeat and breathing. As it was, I think I stopped breathing while I waited for his response. When it came, it was a little disappointing. â€Å"No.† â€Å"No what?† I asked. â€Å"As in, no, it’s not me?† He exhaled in frustration, a sound almost–but not quite–like the one he used to make when I did something particularly ridiculous in our trainings. â€Å"No, as in I don’t want to see you.† His voice was thick with emotion. â€Å"They weren’t supposed to let you in.† â€Å"Yeah. Well, I kind of found a work-around.† â€Å"Of course you did.† He still wouldn’t face me, which was agonizing. I glanced over at Mikhail, who gave me a nod of encouragement. I guessed I should be glad that Dimitri was talking to me at all. â€Å"I had to see you. I had to know if you were okay.† â€Å"I’m sure Lissa’s already updated you.† â€Å"I had to see for myself.† â€Å"Well, now you see.† â€Å"All I see is your back.† It was maddening, yet every word I got out of him was a gift. It felt like a thousand years since I’d heard his voice. Like before, I wondered how I could have ever confused the Dimitri in Siberia with this one. His voice had been identical in both places, the same pitch and accent, yet as a Strigoi, his words had always left a chill in the air. This was warm. Honey and velvet and all sorts of wonderful things wrapping around me, no matter the terrible things he was saying. â€Å"I don’t want you here,† said Dimitri flatly. â€Å"I don’t want to see you.† I took a moment to assess strategy. Dimitri still had that depressed, hopeless feel around him. Lissa had approached it with kindness and compassion. She’d gotten through his defenses, though a lot of that was because he regarded her as his savior. I could try a similar tactic. I could be gentle and supportive and full of love–all of which were true. I loved him. I wanted to help him so badly. Yet I wasn’t sure that particular method would work for me. Rose Hathaway was not always known for the soft approach. I did, however, play on his sense of obligation. â€Å"You can’t ignore me,† I said, trying to keep my volume out of range of the other guardians. â€Å"You owe me. I saved you.† A few moments of silence passed. â€Å"Lissa saved me,† he said carefully. Anger burned within my chest, just it had when I’d watched Lissa visit him. How could he hold her in such high regard but not me? â€Å"How do you think she got to that point?† I demanded. â€Å"How do you think she learned how to save you? Do you have any idea what we–what I–had to go through to get that information? You think me going to Siberia was crazy? Believe me, you haven’t even come close to seeing crazy. You know me. You know what I’m capable of. And I broke my own records this time. You. Owe. Me.† It was harsh, but I needed a reaction from him. Some kind of emotion. And I got it. He jerked around, eyes glinting and power crackling through his body. As always, his movements were both fierce and graceful. Likewise, his voice was a mix of emotions: anger, frustration, and concern. â€Å"Then the best thing I can do is–â€Å" He froze. The brown eyes that had been narrowed with aggravation suddenly went wide with†¦ what? Amazement? Awe? Or perhaps that stunned feeling I kept having when I saw him? Because suddenly, I was pretty sure he was experiencing the same thing I had earlier. He’d seen me plenty of times in Siberia. He’d seen me just the other night at the warehouse. But now†¦ now he was truly viewing me with his own eyes. Now that he was no longer Strigoi, his whole world was different. His outlook and feelings were different. Even his soul was different. It was like one of those moments when people talked about their lives flashing before their eyes. Because as we stared at one another, every part of our relationship replayed in my mind’s eye. I remembered how strong and invincible he’d been when we first met, when he’d come to bring Lissa and me back to the folds of Moroi society. I remembered the gentleness of his touch when he’d bandaged my bloodied and battered hands. I remembered him carrying me in his arms after Victor’s daughter Natalie had attacked me. Most of all, I remembered the night we’d been together in the cabin, just before the Strigoi had taken him. A year. We’d known each other only a year, but we’d lived a lifetime in it. And he was realizing that too, I knew, as he studied me. His gaze was all-powerful, taking in every single one of my features and filing them away. Dimly, I tried to recall what I looked like today. I still wore the dress from the secret meeting and knew it looked good on me. My eyes were probably bloodshot from crying earlier, and I’d only had time for a quick brushing of my hair before heading off with Adrian. Somehow, I doubted any of it mattered. The way Dimitri was looking at me†¦ it confirmed everything I’d suspected. The feelings he’d had for me before he’d been turned–the feelings that had become twisted while a Strigoi–were all still there. They had to be. Maybe Lissa was his savior. Maybe the rest of the Court thought she was a goddess. I knew, right then, that no matter how bedraggled I looked or how blank he tried to keep his face, I was a goddess to him. He swallowed and forcibly gained control of himself, just like he always had. Some things never changed. â€Å"Then the best thing I can do,† he continued calmly, â€Å"is to stay away from you. That’s the best way to repay the debt.† It was hard for me to keep control and maintain some sort of logical conversation. I was as awestruck as he was. I was also outraged. â€Å"You offered to repay Lissa by staying by her side forever!† â€Å"I didn’t do the things†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He averted his eyes for a moment, again struggling for control, and then met mine once more. â€Å"I didn’t do the things to her that I did to you.† â€Å"You weren’t you! I don’t care.† My temper was starting to burn again â€Å"How many?† he exclaimed. â€Å"How many guardians died last night because of what I did?† â€Å"I†¦ I think six or seven.† Harsh losses. I felt a small pang in my chest, recalling the names read off in that basement room. â€Å"Six or seven,† Dimitri repeated flatly, anguish in his voice. â€Å"Dead in one night. Because of me.† â€Å"You didn’t act alone! And I told you, you weren’t you. You couldn’t control yourself. It doesn’t matter to me–â€Å" â€Å"It matters to me!† he shouted, his voice ringing through the hallway. The guardians at each end shifted but didn’t approach. When Dimitri spoke again, he kept his voice lower, but it was still trembling with wild emotions. â€Å"It matters to me. That’s what you don’t get. You can’t understand. You can’t understand what it’s like knowing what I did. That whole time being Strigoi†¦ it’s like a dream now, but it’s one I remember clearly. There can be no forgiveness for me. And what happened with you? I remember that most of all. Everything I did. Everything I wanted to do.† â€Å"You’re not going to do it now,† I pleaded. â€Å"So let it go. Before–before everything happened, you said we could be together. That we’d get assignments near each other and–â€Å" â€Å"Roza,† he interrupted, the nickname piercing my heart. I think he’d slipped up, not truly meaning to call me that. There was a twisted smile on his lips, one without humor. â€Å"Do you really think they’re going to ever let me be a guardian again? It’ll be a miracle if they let me live!† â€Å"That’s not true. Once they realize you’ve changed and that you’re really your old self†¦ everything’ll go back to how it was.† He shook his head sadly. â€Å"Your optimism†¦ your belief that you can make anything happen. Oh, Rose. It’s one of the amazing things about you. It’s also one of the most infuriating things about you.† â€Å"I believed that you could come back from being a Strigoi,† I pointed out. â€Å"Maybe my belief in the impossible isn’t so crazy after all.† This conversation was so grave, so heartbreaking, yet it still kept reminding me of some of our old practice sessions. He’d try to convince me of some serious point, and I’d counter it with Rose-logic. It would usually earn me a mix of amusement and exasperation. I had the feeling that were the situation just a little different, he’d have that same attitude now. But this was not a practice session. He wouldn’t smile and roll his eyes. This was serious. This was life and death. â€Å"I’m grateful for what you did,† he said formally, still struggling to master his feelings. It was another trait we shared, both of us always working to stay in control. He’d always been better at it than me. â€Å"I do owe you. And it’s a debt I can’t pay. Like I said, the best thing I can do is stay out of your life.† â€Å"If you’re part of Lissa’s, then you can’t avoid me.† â€Å"People can exist around each other without†¦ without there being any more than that,† he said firmly. It was such a Dimitri thing to say. Logic fighting emotion. And that’s when I lost it. Like I said, he was always better at keeping control. Me? Not so much. I threw myself against the bars, so rapidly that even Mikhail flinched. â€Å"But I love you!† I hissed. â€Å"And I know you love me too. Do you really think you can spend the rest of your life ignoring that when you’re around me?† The troubling part was that for a very long time at the Academy, Dimitri had been convinced he could do exactly that. And he had been prepared to spend his life not acting on his feelings for me. â€Å"You love me,† I repeated. â€Å"I know you do.† I stretched my arm through the bars. It was a long way from touching him, but my fingers reached out desperately, as though they might suddenly grow and be able to make contact. That was all I needed. One touch from him to know he still cared, one touch to feel the warmth of his skin and– â€Å"Isn’t it true,† said Dimitri quietly, â€Å"that you’re involved with Adrian Ivashkov?† My arm dropped. â€Å"Wh–where did you hear that?† â€Å"Things get around,† he said, echoing Mikhail. â€Å"They certainly do,† I muttered. â€Å"So are you?† he asked more adamantly. I hesitated before answering. If I told him the truth, he’d have more ground to make his point about us keeping apart. It was impossible for me to lie to him, though. â€Å"Yes, but–â€Å" â€Å"Good.† I’m not sure how I expected him to react. Jealousy? Shock? Instead, as he leaned back against the wall, he looked†¦ relieved. â€Å"Adrian’s a better person than he gets credit for. He’ll be good to you.† â€Å"But–â€Å" â€Å"That’s where your future is, Rose.† A bit of that hopeless, world-weary attitude was returning. â€Å"You don’t understand what it’s like coming through what I did–coming back from being a Strigoi. It’s changed everything. It’s not just that what I did to you is unforgiveable. All my feelings†¦ my emotions for you†¦ they changed. I don’t feel the way I used to. I might be a dhampir again, but after what I went through†¦ well, it’s scarred me. It altered my soul. I can’t love anyone now. I can’t–I don’t–love you. There’s nothing more between you and me.† My blood turned cold. I refused to believe his words, not after the way he’d looked at me earlier. â€Å"No! That’s not true! I love you and you–â€Å" â€Å"Guards!† Dimitri shouted, his voice so loud that it was a wonder the whole building didn’t shake. â€Å"Get her out of here. Get her out of here!† With amazing guardian reflexes, the guards were down at the cell in a flash. As a prisoner, Dimitri wasn’t in a position to make requests, but the authorities here certainly weren’t going to encourage a situation that would create a commotion. They began herding Mikhail and me out, but I resisted. â€Å"No, wait–â€Å" â€Å"Don’t fight it,† murmured Mikhail in my ear. â€Å"Our time’s running out, and you couldn’t have accomplished anything else today anyway.† I wanted to protest, but the words stuck on my lips. I let the guardians direct me out, but not before I gave Dimitri one last, lingering look. He had a perfect, guardian-blank look on his face, but the piercing way he stared at me made me certain there was a lot going on within him. Mikhail’s friend was still on duty upstairs, which let us slip out without getting in–much–more trouble. As soon as we were outdoors, I came to a halt and kicked one of the steps angrily. â€Å"Damn it!† I yelled. A couple of Moroi across the courtyard–probably coming home from some late party–gave me startled looks. â€Å"Calm down,† said Mikhail. â€Å"This was the first time you’ve seen him since the change. There are only so many miracles you can expect right away. He’ll come around.† â€Å"I’m not so sure,† I grumbled. Sighing, I looked up at the sky. Little wispy clouds moved lazily about, but I barely saw them. â€Å"You don’t know him like I do.† Because while part of me thought that a lot of what Dimitri had said was indeed a reaction to the shock of returning to himself, there was another part of me that wondered. I knew Dimitri. I knew his sense of honor, his adamant beliefs about what was right and wrong. He stood by those beliefs. He lived his life by them. If he truly, truly believed that the right thing to do was to avoid me and let any relationship between us fade, well†¦ there was a good chance he might very well act on that idea, no matter the love between us. As I’d recalled earlier, he’d certainly shown a lot of resistance back at St. Vladimir’s. As for the rest†¦ the part about him no longer loving me or being able to love anyone†¦ well, that would be a different problem all together if it were true. Both Christian and Adrian had worried there would be some piece of Strigoi left in him, but their fears had been about violence and bloodshed. No one would have guessed this: that living as a Strigoi had hardened his heart, killing any chance of him loving anyone. Killing any chance of him loving me. And I was pretty sure that if that was the case, then part of me would die too. How to cite Spirit Bound Chapter Twenty, Essay examples

The Lost Generation in The Sun Also Rises Essay Example

The Lost Generation in The Sun Also Rises Paper As World War I ripped through many European countries in the early twentieth century, the population suffered not only physically, but mentally. In addition to the many lives lost in this war, the youth of the world was greatly affected by this relatively new idea of death. Consequently, the Great War caused a lapse in values and standards in the generation who suffered through it, permanently damaging the remainder of their lives. Earnest Hemingway takes a glimpse into the lives of the people of this so-called lost generation in his novel The Sun Also Rises. Set in this post World War I age, The Sun Also Rises shows the physical and emotional wounds, the religious abandonment, and the way in which members of the lost generation escape from their lives that were greatly affected by the first World War. Every character in The Sun Also Rises has been affected by World War I in some way. Some wounds show outwardly, while others are internalized, producing an even greater emotional and often psychological trauma on the character. The narrator of this novel, Jake Barnes, is a character whose physical wounds from the Great War cause him both emotional and psychological grief. We will write a custom essay sample on The Lost Generation in The Sun Also Rises specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Lost Generation in The Sun Also Rises specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Lost Generation in The Sun Also Rises specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer While fighting in the War, Jake suffers an injury that leaves him impotent, but still desiring sexual activity. This wound causes him not only pain, but a great deal of confusion in regard to his relationship with Lady Brett Ashley: both partners know they love each other, but Jakes inability to sexually fulfill Lady Brett Ashley causes her to reject him. In his book on Hemingway, critic Earl Rovit asserts that [Jakes] wound still throbs and gives him pain (157). He cannot escape from his war injury and it continues to haunt him everyday he lives. Using his situation with Brett as a basis for all future relationships, Jake decides that he cannot please anyone and he must instead be content with wandering aimlessly through life without a true love. The severity of the emotional side of Jakes wound is in this belief that he cannot hope to find a mate. His interaction with a French prostitute shows the hopeless feeling that Jake receives from his War injury and how it has changed his life forever. When the prostitute simply lays her hand on Jakes, he pushes her away and tells her that he is sick. This emphasizes Jakes truly hopeless notion that he can never have any type of a physical relationship with a woman due to his wound. The French prostitutes response to Jakes revelation that he is sick emphasizes even more the hopelessness of the entire generation of the post-World War I era. Everybodys sick. Im sick too, replies the prostitute (Hemingway 21). Although she does not specify exactly how she herself is sick, the prostitute believes that the Great War has caused everyone a certain degree of sickness and suffering. Michael Friedberg states that the prostitutes statement is no doubt also a reference to the state of the world itself (176). The state of the world, including the other characters in The Sun Also Rises, is as lost and hopeless as Jake, predominantly because of the War. The truth of the prostitutes statement comes in the form of other characters in The Sun Also Rises including Lady Brett Ashley and Count Mippipopolous. Critic E. M. Halliday speculates that Jake Barnes war-wound impotence[is] a kind of metaphor for the whole atmosphere of sterility and frustration which is the ambiance of The Sun Also Rises (303). The other characters of this novel experience grief, frustration, and pain from the situations the War has dealt them, just as Jake does. The Count is a character who has been physically wounded by the Great War and war in general. The scars of arrow wounds pierce the Counts torso from a battle in Abyssinia when he was a young man. His involvement in seven wars and four revolutions (Hemingway 61) including World War I gives him the aged disposition of a person who has been through very hard times. Brett Ashley is an additional example of a character whose war-time experiences greatly affect her life. During the Great War, Lady Ashley orked as a nurse and was heart-broken when her true love was killed in battle. She consequently had a series of bad relationships in which she was physically and verbally abused and emerged with only her title, Lady Ashley. She recognizes her love for Jake as fruitless and is instead content with wandering aimlessly from one man to another. The effects of the War on Brett are seen in her loose, discorded relationships [that] reflect the shattered unity ( ) of the modern world (Martin 69). Lady Ashleys post-war position in The Sun Also Rises symbolizes the death of aristocracy that was suffered through the war. According to Richard Lehans essay on Hemingway, the post-War Lady Ashley represents the purposelessness and moral abandonment of the [aristocracy] (197). Her values and lifestyle were both destroyed when the Great War ended, and in essence, so was Lady Ashley. The Great War causes the characters of The Sun Also Rises not only physical and emotional suffering, but moral and religious abandonment as well. Although none of the main characters in this book professes true devotion to their religion, it is the contrast among characters that illustrates the morally lost state of the generation. Essayist John Pratt points out that, [E]ach major character represents one religious attitude (151). Hemingways novel contains a semi-pious Catholic, a detested Jew, and a pagan who combine to portray the religious abandonment that World War I essentially created. Jake Barnes is the semi-pious Catholic. Although Jake is deemed one of the more religious characters in the novel, his attitude towards religion and the Catholic faith in general show that the War affects him in this way too. Once again it is his relationship with Brett that causes his religious hopelessness. Jake admits that when he first met Brett, he sought advice from the Catholic Church on how to handle their relationship while dealing with his injury. He knew that he and Brett would not be able to have children because of this injury that left him impotent, but Jake went to get advice from a religion that sees marriage as first a procreative and then a unitive sacrament. The Catholic Church had an awfully good way of handling that. Not to think about it (Hemingway 35). Therefore, Jake is bitter toward what he thinks to be the Churchs unacceptable attitude toward his wound (Pratt 153). This very advice causes him much pain in his relationship with Brett that came as a result of the War. Lady Brett Ashley is the pagan. It is clear from the very beginning of The Sun Also Rises that Brett lacks certain beliefs and values that other people normally possess. During her stay in Pamplona, Spain, however, Brett makes it clear that she also lacks morals and any kind of religious beliefs. During the Pamplona fiesta, Brett tells Jake that she wishes to hear him confess. Jake, however, tells her that if she listens to him confess, it will be in a language she does not know. The obvious reason for this is that Jake will confess in Latin or Spanish, but it is also possible that it means she will not understand the language of the Christian religion (Baker 89). After Brett meets Pedro Romero, the absence of God in her life can be seen again. Brett asks Jake to take her to a cathedral so she can pray for her new beau, but she soon becomes uncomfortable. After trying to pray for only a couple of seconds, Brett leaves the cathedral. Im damned bad for a religious atmosphere, Ive got the wrong type of face (Hemingway 188). Brett, therefore, knows that she has rejected God and she accepts this. She re-emphasizes her pagan state at the end of the novel when she commends herself for deciding to end her relationship with Romero in an effort to save him. Brett tells Jake that her decision makes her feel good and that her goodness is what she has instead of God. Jake tells her that many people have God to which Brett replies, He never worked very well with me (Hemingway 221). Lady Brett Ashley, then, is most likely a pagan due to her War-time experiences, but she believes that her being so has worked to her advantage. Robert Cohn represents the detested Jew in a more symbolic sense than the rest of the characters in The Sun Also Rises. During the course of the novel, not much is said about Roberts religious preferences, but it is in fact his religion that makes him the scapegoat for the anger of his so-called friends. Jake states that Robert is a Jew within the first few pages of the novel. Jake also states that until Robert went to college, no one made him feel that he was a Jew and therefore different from anyone else. The significance of this statement lies in the fact that Jake, and other members of their circle of friends, do see Robert as different just because of his religion. While Brett is never referred to as the pagan, Robert is often called the Jew, with a variety of derogatory terms attached to it. The first fault that Jake and his friends find with Robert is that he did not fight in the War. They attribute this to the fact that Robert is Jewish so right from the beginning, the Great War causes problems in Robert Cohns life. Throughout the remainder of the novel, Robert suffers a variety of insults pertaining to his religion. When he becomes upset in Burguete because Brett has not yet arrived, Bill and Jake attribute this to his Jewish superiority. Well, let him not get superior and Jewish, remarks Bill at one point (Hemingway 92). During the fiesta in Pamplona, Mike Campbell calls Robert a steer. By using this term, Mike is saying that Robert is inferior to the rest of the bulls (he, Jack, and Bill) because steers lack not only testicles, but also the ability to inspire passion (Quieto sec. 1). In this statement, Mike emphasizes his dislike of Cohn simply because of his religion. Mike sees that Cohn can become Jewish and superior at times so he feels that he must make him feel inferior in all other ways. Although Robert never discusses his religion anywhere in the novel, he is detested by the majority of the characters for the simple fact that he is a Jew. By not fighting in the War, Robert receives further criticism from his friends and this emphasizes the idea that the Great War ruined religion for many people. The War wounds suffered by the characters in The Sun Also Rises cause a variety of responses in each character. While heavy drinking seems to be one of the ways in which these characters find solace for their miseries, traveling seems also to be a popular trend. The very book itself is an example of this in that Jake Barnes narrates from Paris, completely detaching himself from the Kansas City life in which he once lived. The gaiety and entertainment associated with Paris serves as a means by which he tries to forget his unfortunate station in life caused by the Great War. In an attempt to forget his wound, Jake submerges himself in a seemingly care-free life of habitual drinking and dining as a French expatriate. Youre an expatriate. Youve lost touch with the soil Fake European standards have ruined you (Hemingway 109). One of Jakes friends makes this remark to him, proving that Jake has in fact adopted the standards of a completely different continent to leave behind the world that he holds responsible for his current situation. Jake also uses travel later on in The Sun Also Rises to escape from a variety of people and situations that remind him of his hopeless state. When his relationship with Brett becomes too much, Jake accepts Roberts invitation to join him on a fishing trip in Spain. Jake and his friend, Bill Gorton embark for this trip and immediately the tone of the book becomes lighter and happier. Aside from their frequent disagreements with Robert, Jake and Bill manage to have a good time fishing in Burguete, a small town in the Pyrenees mountains. Instead of obsessing over his relationship with Brett, Jake concerns himself only with fishing, drinking, and enjoying himself. We stayed five days at Burguete and had good fishing There was no word from Brett or Mike (Hemingway 117). It is on this trip to Burguete that Jake and Bill become good friends through their mutual desire to get away from the petty and noxious tribulations of Robert Cohn and company (Baker 84). Their camaraderie also stems from their shared need to escape from the world that the Great War has created from them and Burguete is the closest each character comes to experiencing this. Robert Cohn is another character who uses travel as a way to escape from the harsh realities of the times. The novel begins with Robert in a somewhat disastrous relationship that he was forced into by his lady. Things begin to go awry in the relationship and this, combined with Roberts new interest in the book The Purple Land cause him to yearn for a change of scenery. He suggests a trip to South America to Jake who cynically replies, You cant get away from yourself by moving from one place to another (Hemingway 18). Jake speaks from experience for his current place of habitation is a desperate attempt to get away from himself and the way he has become. Robert, however, does not take Jakes advice and after ending his relationship of four years, he sets off for San Sebastian, Spain. More than half of The Sun Also Rises is set in Pamplona, Spain where Jake, Brett, Robert, Bill Gorton, and Mike Campbell attend the summer fiesta. Although Jake attends this fiesta almost every year to watch the bullfights, this year he cannot truly escape from himself because his past haunts accompany him on the trip. Therefore, he must resort to a lifestyle of perpetual drunkenness to deal with his problems, as do many of the other characters. The world of The Sun Also Rises is a world of drunken promiscuity, shot through with streaks of pity (Wagenknecht 374). Although Jake turns to alcohol frequently on this trip, his relationship with Brett manages still to tear at his emotions. After he and Bill discuss the idea of irony and pity, Jake feels especially low as he realizes that irony and pity are the combination he used whenever he thinks about Brett (Baker 92). Their relationship is ironic in that they both love each other but can never be together, and pitiful in the same sense. The trip that is supposed to help Jake escape reality actually makes him realize his hopeless state even more. He proves his own advice to others during the course of this trip; You cant get away from yourself by moving from one place to another (Hemingway 18). Jake knows this from experience, but he also keeps reliving it every time he goes away. The characters of The Sun Also Rises never do manage to get away from themselves. The Great War, it seems, has caused permanent damage to the lives of those who suffered through it. At the end of the novel, Jake attempts to rescue Brett after she runs off with Pedro Romero. Once he arrives, Brett begins to speak nostalgically of their relationship, saying that they could have had a good life together. Yes, isnt it pretty to think so? is Jakes reply (Hemingway 222). This is true for the entire lost generation affected by the War. It is quite possible that any of the characters in The Sun Also Rises could have led normal lives, but the influence of World War I was too much. According to Rovit, World War I had been the catalytic agent in releasing the stark factor of nothingness and absurdity at the very root of traditional values (159). The Great War destroyed the traditional values of love, faith, and hope and consequently, the characters of The Sun Also Rises wander aimlessly through their resultant lives, constantly seeking ways to escape.

Free Essays on Idle Hands

Idle Hands? In Sherwood Anderson’s â€Å"Hands,† the character of Wing Biddlebaum subconsciously expresses the emotions he is feeling through the actions of his hands. He is a very sheepish and timid character. Anderson feels that â€Å"the story is a story of hands,† which play an enormous role in Wing’s life (217). Nervous and â€Å"fiddling about† swiftly, Wing’s hands also demonstrate confidence through firm and assured movements. He rarely uses these solid motions, but when he does, it is when he is with his only friend George Willard. Wing seems to become disdainful toward his hands when later they seem to always find him trouble. Throughout Wing’s life, he is faced with many problems that his hands cause him to overcome. Wing’s hands are what place him in his state of solitude. Being a school teacher, Wing touches the shoulders of the young boys and plays with their hair, yet Wing means no harm. He loses his job as a school master and almost loses his life, all because he uses his hands to comfort the young boys. He has altered his lifestyle to avoid everyday problems, concerning his hands. He does not know why he resents his hands, but he knows that his hands are to blame for his everyday predicaments. Wing lets his hands control almost every aspect of his life. In the past, Wing’s hands have caused him to lose his job and his pride. In order to regain a strong sense of self and live a normal life, Wing must overcome the past. Society shuns him and he wonders everyday what he has done to deserve this mistreatment. He tries things as futile as changing his name, yet he cannot seem to satisfy his need to be content. Wing presently lives in constant dismay, desperately trying to realize or remember what his hands did to force him to live in such misery and solitude. In this certain time, it is rare that a man holds the position of an elementary school teacher. This shows that Wing is a caring and ... Free Essays on Idle Hands Free Essays on Idle Hands Idle Hands? In Sherwood Anderson’s â€Å"Hands,† the character of Wing Biddlebaum subconsciously expresses the emotions he is feeling through the actions of his hands. He is a very sheepish and timid character. Anderson feels that â€Å"the story is a story of hands,† which play an enormous role in Wing’s life (217). Nervous and â€Å"fiddling about† swiftly, Wing’s hands also demonstrate confidence through firm and assured movements. He rarely uses these solid motions, but when he does, it is when he is with his only friend George Willard. Wing seems to become disdainful toward his hands when later they seem to always find him trouble. Throughout Wing’s life, he is faced with many problems that his hands cause him to overcome. Wing’s hands are what place him in his state of solitude. Being a school teacher, Wing touches the shoulders of the young boys and plays with their hair, yet Wing means no harm. He loses his job as a school master and almost loses his life, all because he uses his hands to comfort the young boys. He has altered his lifestyle to avoid everyday problems, concerning his hands. He does not know why he resents his hands, but he knows that his hands are to blame for his everyday predicaments. Wing lets his hands control almost every aspect of his life. In the past, Wing’s hands have caused him to lose his job and his pride. In order to regain a strong sense of self and live a normal life, Wing must overcome the past. Society shuns him and he wonders everyday what he has done to deserve this mistreatment. He tries things as futile as changing his name, yet he cannot seem to satisfy his need to be content. Wing presently lives in constant dismay, desperately trying to realize or remember what his hands did to force him to live in such misery and solitude. In this certain time, it is rare that a man holds the position of an elementary school teacher. This shows that Wing is a caring and ...

How to Treat Gummosis, or Bleeding in Tree Bark

How to Treat Gummosis, or Bleeding in Tree Bark Bleeding bark on  trees and other woody plants  often leads to concern when its discovered by tree growers and yard tree owners. Gum or sap draining from a tree trunk or limbs is common in trees in the genus Prunus, which includes peaches and cherries, but it can happen in many species. This sap flow can be caused by biotic diseases, which are triggered by living organisms such as fungi, and abiotic injury, caused by non-living factors such as sunlight and temperature change. One textbook definition gummosis is the copious production and exudation of gum by a diseased or damaged tree, especially as a symptom of a disease of fruit trees. But it also can be an early symptom of other problems, not only in orchards but in prized landscape trees in yards, parks, and forests.   Gummosis can weaken a tree, but it isnt the end of the world. Bleeding or oozing of sap from a tree, although not normal, wont necessarily permanently harm a tree or woody plant; most of them will survive. Its also important to remember that there are many causes for free-running sap from trees, including insect borers, cankers, bark injury, and a variety of diseases. Controlling these sources of damage will control gum deposits and sap flow, but there usually is no cure. Causes Gum exuding from cherry, peach, and sweetgum trees is common, so keep an eye on these species. Gummosis isnt a pathogen in itself but the response to environmental stress from pathogenic, insect, or mechanical injury. Pathogenic infectious diseases and cankers that result in bleeding sap can become problematic in fruit orchards. Particularly, the  cytospora canker, or perennial canker, commonly causes fungal bleeding in stone fruited trees such as apricot, cherry, peach, and plum. This infection can be distinguished from insect damage and mechanical injuries because sawdust or pieces of bark arent mixed in the sap, as would be the case with insect or mechanical damage. It isnt vital for you to identify the specific cause or causes involved, but its very important to differentiate between insect infestation, mechanical injury, and infectious disease for diagnosis. Prevention and Treatment There are management practices you can follow to lower the risk of gummosis: Be careful when using lawn and garden equipment to avoid tree tissue injury, which can harbor fungal spores.Prevent winter cold injury to your tree by planting cold-hardy species within their hardiness zones and outside isolated wind  avenues.Maintain a trees health to discourage boring insects.Prune and dispose of limbs during late winter.Try to identify whether the tree has been injured mechanically, been attacked by insects, or infected by a disease. Typically, mechanical injury and insects will leave exposed sapwood or sawdust. Treat the  causes as best you can while increasing the most comfortable tree conditions for optimal health. Increasing tree vigor is important and will yield great results. One helpful treatment is applying several pints of garden lime under the tree drip line if your site has a low to moderate PH. Raising soil Ph to 6.5 can do wonders for tree health.

Max Weber Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Max Weber - Essay Example (Kilcullen, 1996) This important belief is said to have made the Calvinists quite anxious about their Salvation, and this led to the fact that they attempted to console themselves and get rid of their anxiety by making concerted attempts to succeed in all their economic and other undertakings. The widespread belief may have been that God would quite naturally demonstrate his favor by bestowing prosperity and wealth on the various enterprises and undertakings of the elect. In addition, no Calvinist believed in self indulgence, and this meant that all the finances generated and raised by their present undertakings would perforce be put back into future undertakings, or 'callings' as they were referred to, both by the employer as well as by the employee. The small reward that they expected was a mere earthly one, but this was sufficient for the Calvinist. (Kilcullen, 1996) It was also Max Weber's opinion that Protestant doctrines believed in the fact that men must accept a humbler sort of station in their lives, and that they must devote their energies into performing mundane tasks and duties. Weber also believed that since there was no hierarchical Church structure present, it meant that there would be no episodes of upward mobility and a need for acquisition. however, it was because of the 'work and save' ethic that was being followed by these people that the phenomenon of 'Capitalism' was brought into the picture, and since there is absolutely no doubt that a dedication and a devotion and a deep commitment towards one's work would inevitably bring forth the desired productivity, especially on the part of the Calvinists, who believed in the dedication to one's own 'beruf', or duty, or calling. (Max Weber, 1864 to 1920) It is widely acknowledged everywhere that Max Weber had an ingrained concept of 'rationality and rationalism' in all his works, and according to Rogers Brubaker, it was veritably a 'great unifying theme' in his work, even though it has been stated by some others that the concept was at times 'evasive'. It was Weber's opinion that the very history of 'rationalism' has revealed that it does not follow any type of parallel lines in life in general, and also that the very idea of rationality is both multi directional and multi dimensional. Rationality was, for Weber, the manifestation of individual freedoms, and also another meaning for conceptual lucidity, among various other meanings. (The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) According to Max Weber, sociology as such meant that it was nothing but a 'comprehensive science of social action', and it must be also noted that most of Max Weber's ideals stem from the idea that human beings attach a great many subjective meanings to all their manifold actions and interactions within any specific social context. Therefore, in this context, rationality means that most human beings restlessly strive for a goal, which in itself may not be rational, but for which most people strive through rational means. As most people have diverse numbers of motivational factors, it would mean that most human behavior as such is caused by a mixture of all these motivations. This was in

Cultural Beliefs and Stigma Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cultural Beliefs and Stigma - Essay Example Investigation of the impact of cultural beliefs and stigma on the treatment journey of infectious patients needs include the burden from the stigma of various health problems and cultural beliefs. In the course of examination of the stigma and its effects on the patient comparisons must be made. These comparisons include the magnitude and character of stigma for different conditions and in different social and cultural settings; identifying distinctive features of stigma that may guide intervention programs; and evaluating changes in the magnitude and character of stigma over time and in response to interventions and social changes. (leininger M (1991) Such research benefits by examining stigma from various vantage points, considering the experience of stigma among persons with a designated health problem, laypersons in the community, and health care providers or other designated subgroups of the community (eg, teachers and policymakers) that have a substantial impact on health. Research on stigma should also consider questions of social policy as they relate to human rights, access to health care, and social services for particular groups. Our review of health research issues and studies considers the role of stigma in specific mental health problems and tropical diseases, mainly in low- and middle-income countries. We also discuss the limitations of this research and the need for complementary quantitative, qualitative, problem-specific, and culture-specific approaches to study of stigma. (Weiss 2001-p 5) The reason hat health research is concerned with stigma is that stigma is an important consideration for health policy and clinical practice for several reasons. It contributes to the suffering from illness in various ways, and it may delay appropriate help-seeking or terminate treatment for treatable health problems. For diseases and disorders that are highly stigmatized, the impact of the meaning of the disease may be as great or a greater source of suffering than symptoms of a disease. An early presentations of paucibacillary leprosy as a painless depigmented or anaesthetic patch is an example. Hearing the diagnosis is more troubling than symptoms of the disease. Social science studies of stigma regard it fundamentally as a problem arising from social interactions. Goffman and other researchers have also recognized self-perceived stigma, which may also be troubling and responsible for diminished self-esteem whether or not it arises from an actual interaction, and whether or not t his perceived stigma accurately reflects the critical views of others. Stigma impairs the quality of life through concerns about disclosure, and it affects work, education, marriage, and family life. Although its impact is likely to be overlooked in the calculation of Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), stigma contributes to what WHO's Nations for Mental health Program calls the hidden burden of mental illness. In addition to the suffering it brings, research also shows that stigma and labeling may affect the